The World Bank supported a comprehensive technical assistance (TA) program on HELE stoves over a three-year period 2016-19, examining demand features and supply characteristics of the Kyrgyz stoves market and piloting the use of HELE stoves in 76 low income households in four regions, with a focus on high altitude locations. The findings from the market studies and the lessons from the pilot trial are summarized in this report.
https://openknowledge.worldbank /bitstream/handle/10986/33833/Fueling-Kyrgyzstan-s-Transition-to-Clean-Household-Heating-Solutions.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
A resident of the Kyrman residential area, Kuban Shekeyev, is actively engaged in the construction of his new insulated house, the facade of which is currently faced with travertine.
A two-story mansion with an area of about 260 sq. m. in the Kyrman residential area is being built following all technical requirements for energy efficiency within the framework of the GEFF Kyrgyzstan (Kyrseff III) program.
Kuban Shekeyev first heard about the GEFF Kyrgyzstan (Kyrseff III) program several years ago. But only this year did he decide to build his own house, turning to GEFF Kyrgyzstan (Kyrseff III) engineers for technical advice. Experts gave recommendations on how to apply for a soft loan from Kompanion Bank.
Credit specialists of the financial institution promptly issued a loan under the GEFF Kyrgyzstan (Kyrseff III) Program to Kuban Shekeyev. GEFF Kyrgyzstan (Kyrseff III) engineers proposed installing energy-efficient five-chamber windows with double-layer glazing and insulating the external walls with 5 cm-thick mineral wool. The roof was insulated with 15 cm of thick mineral wool.
"I thank the GEFF Kyrgyzstan (Kyrseff III) engineers for the detailed consultation. It is necessary to support the introduction of green technologies, save energy, and prepare housing for the winter period. Big challenges are being addressed, including reducing air pollution. There is no longer any need to heat with coal, as it is very harmful to the environment," noted Kuban Shekeyev.
As a result, after implementing all energy-efficient measures within the GEFF Kyrgyzstan (Kyrseff III) program, the energy savings in the house will be 27.63 MWh, and the savings in carbon dioxide emissions will be 16.63 tons per year.
Kuban Shekeyev hopes that he will celebrate his housewarming next year. As a result of the implementation of all agreed energy efficiency measures, the grant portion can be up to 15% of the total loan amount.
The Program for Promoting the Green Economy in Kyrgyzstan, GEFF Kyrgyzstan (Kyrseff III) is being implemented with the support of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the European Union. It encourages the introduction of energy and water conservation measures in the private sector.
Developed by Habitat Kyrgyzstan Foundation, this housing project provides affordable, environmentally-sustainable homes for low-income families using a traditional cane reed and clay construction technology, combined with an innovative coiled circuit under-floor heating system. The houses are seismically stable and meet local building codes. This technology allows families to save up to 40 per cent on construction costs compared with the cost of conventional brick housing construction and up to 75 per cent in energy costs. Forty-eight houses have been built to date, using self-build and volunteer labour to reduce costs. Low-cost housing loans help to ensure affordability.
To provide an affordable, environmentally sound, seismically stable and transferable housing and heating solution for low-income families in Kyrgyzstan.
With a population of 5.4 million, Kyrgyzstan is one of the poorest countries of the former Soviet Union. Approximately 70 per cent of the population lives in substandard housing conditions, in dormitories, on the streets or with relatives and friends. In the last five years the population of the capital, Bishkek, has grown from 800,000 to 1.5 million, as low-income families from rural areas have moved to the capital city in search of shelter and employment. The capital is overcrowded and in dire need of decent, affordable housing. Nearly 700,000 people live in new housing estates on the outskirts of Bishkek, without access to basic infrastructure, and it is not unusual for three generations to be crowded in a single room with no heating or running water.
This project has been developed by Habitat Foundation Kyrgyzstan (HFK) to tackle the issues of substandard housing conditions, the misuse of energy resources, dependency on imported energy and lack of affordability, both in terms of housing and of heating costs.
This project provides affordable, environmentally-sustainable housing for low-income families in Kyrgyzstan through the use of a traditional cane reed and clay construction technology, combined with a coiled circuit under-floor heating system. This technology allows families to save up to 40 per cent on construction costs compared with the cost of conventional brick housing construction and up to 75 per cent in energy costs. The heating system is clean, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, as well as simple to use, secure and easy to install.
The approach encourages the utilisation of locally available resources and the revival of a traditional cost-effective building technology commonly used in the 19th century, but forgotten in the 20th. HFK has adapted the traditional cane reed construction method to include a timber frame with cane reed and clay wall sections, resulting in improved insulating properties, earthquake resistance and compliance with local building codes.
The costs of the project have been met through labour and in-kind donations from residents and local government. Funding has also been obtained from international organisations and donor agencies. Winning the Global Development Marketplace competition in 2006 led to a grant by the World Bank which has been used to construct ten additional cane-reed houses. Some core funding has been provided by Habitat for Humanity International, but HFK conducts its own fundraising and outreach programmes in order to fund projects and cover some of its operating costs. HFK has developed a partnership with government agencies and land is often obtained free of charge from the local government with the understanding that the land is to be used as a part of a community development programme.
Residents'' monthly mortgage repayments and donor contributions are put into a revolving fund which is in turn used to develop new projects and build more homes for low-income families in the country. The zero-interest mortgage loans provided to families are repayable over a period of 10-25 years at a rate of US$30-50 per month.
The revolving fund established through the programme ensures the financial sustainability of the project. Through a combination of financial contributions from international and local donors and homeowners'' monthly mortgage payments, the fund has grown year on year, allowing for an increasing number of new homes to be built and projects developed. HFK continuously seeks other forms of support and funding, through NGO partnerships, grants and sponsorships.
The project invests in the local economy by employing a community labour force to harvest the reeds which are woven into the timber frame, as well as gathering the clay, sand and mud used to fortify the reed. In some cases, residents have been able to obtain permanent employment as a result of the training received during the construction process. One example is a former doctor who, following the project and facing financial difficulties in the changing economic situation, decided to open his own private construction firm and now works in partnership with HFK.
The cane reed technology increases affordability as it offers a 40 per cent reduction in housing cost compared with conventional brick housing. Families are involved in the construction process and the US$60 monthly savings on heating costs allows families to comfortably make the interest-free mortgage payments of US$30-50.
Families taking part in the project are selected on the basis that they are unable afford conventional housing but have sufficient income to afford the monthly payments and other costs associated with homeownership. Each household must have a per capita income of less than 75 per cent of the community average per capita income, but no more than 40 per cent of a family''s monthly income should be spent on housing.
Plans are currently underway for the development of a Building and Training Centre where all construction materials to be used in Habitat homes will be produced, further decreasing the costs to participating families.
HFK works not only to build houses but also communities. A Family Support Committee has been set up to welcome new families into the Habitat family and provide them with a mutual support system, educational opportunities and a forum for discussions pertaining to Habitat homeownership. Families are trained before, during and after the building process, on issues that range from maintaining the household budget to building skills and house maintenance. This is further enhanced through the ''ashar'' mutual help construction process itself which has not only enabled residents to get hands-on training in housing construction, it has also helped to facilitate greater cooperation and integration amongst the families involved in the project.
The Habitat programme is based on the principle of a ''hand up'', not a ''hand out'' and HFK has worked to reduce economic and social inequalities. As a result of the project, women in particular have reported improved living conditions, as they are no longer required to gather firewood, wash dishes and clothes outside by hand and cook in a confined space. They have time and energy to pursue work outside the home, therefore helping to increase household income. The reduction in the use of solid fuels has also resulted in decreased levels of indoor air pollution and has consequently improved health, with a particular fall in respiratory illnesses.
Families are encouraged to become leaders in the community by serving on Habitat committees such as the Family Support Committee and assisting with other construction projects.
Habitat Foundation Kyrgyzstan regularly monitors its projects and interviews homeowners. Key findings of a recent evaluation study showed positive results, with average savings to families of US$60 per month in heating costs, average room temperatures of 18-20° during the winter, good maintenance levels, high user satisfaction rates with housing design and thermal performance and greater integration between families as a result of the mutual help process.
In addition to the 48 cane reed homes, the under-floor heating system has been applied to existing housing stock in Kyrgyzstan through other HFK projects. The organisation is planning to build its first-ever multi-apartment complex for ten families using the cane reed technology and under-floor heating system on land donated by the City of Bishkek.
The Kyrgyz government have expressed an interest in transferring the combined cane reed construction technology and under-floor heating system to other areas. The approach is currently being transferred to the neighbouring country of Tajikistan. Partnerships have been established with two Tajik organisations and the first demonstration projects are due to be built in Dushanbe and Sahrtuz in 2008.
The construction methods used in the cane reed construction and under-floor heating systems are simple, inexpensive and easy to learn and there is strong potential for transfer of the approach to other countries and contexts where cane reed and timber are available.
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