Dwarf planets are a very controversial category of celestial objects since 2006 when Pluto was “demoted” from being a planet to a dwarf planet. Contact online >>
Dwarf planets are a very controversial category of celestial objects since 2006 when Pluto was “demoted” from being a planet to a dwarf planet.
And the truth is that the definition of what constitutes a dwarf planet is a bit blurry as there are objects that can be considered both a dwarf planet and an asteroid. For example, Ceres, which is located in the asteroid belt is often referred to as both.
Still, most astronomers agree that there are currently 10 known dwarf planets in the Solar system with another 7 possible candidates that are currently being studied.
There are still no dwarf planets found in other star systems as they are too small to detect.
In this article, we’ll take a look at the list of dwarf planets, their names, and the origin of each of those names.
Dwarf planets are some of the few recently discovered objects that still receive proper names. Most newly discovered celestial objects simply receive a scientific designation or catalog number.
The International Astronomical Union, the organization in charge of naming and cataloging astronomical objects allow the people who discovered the dwarf planet to name them. The only rule that must be followed is that they have to be named after creator deities of any culture.
The exceptions to this rule are Pluto and Ceres, which were named before the rules were created.
As for their scientific designations, they can get multiple names depending on how they are categorized at the time of discovery. They also usually get a minor planet designation which is a sequential number that is assigned to all the objects that are too small to be considered a planet and too big to be considered a meteoroid. This includes asteroids, dwarf planets, and other trans-Neptunian objects. For example, the minor planet designation of the dwarf planet Eris is 136199.
These might get renamed if/when they get officially named dwarf planets.
If you didn''t find the names you were looking for in this list, try our other lists of names for other celestial objects. Stars and constellations tend to have more interesting names than galaxies.
The below table lists the dwarf planets that are either recognized by the IAU (International Astronomical Union), or marked with ''near certainty'' in the list of dwarf planet candidates as published by Michael E. Brown. For detailed information about one of the (candidate) dwarf planets, click on its name.
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module ''strict'' not found. It is estimated that there may be 200 dwarf planets in the Kuiper belt of the outer Solar System and up to 10,000 in the region beyond.[1][2] The International Astronomical Union (IAU) has accepted four of these: Pluto, Eris, Haumea, and Makemake, as well as Ceres in the inner Solar System. This article lists these and the more likely of the remaining known possibilities.
Ceres is thought to be the only dwarf planet in the asteroid belt. 4 Vesta, the second-most-massive asteroid, appears to have a fully differentiated interior and was therefore in equilibrium at some point in its history, but it is not today.[7] The third-most massive object, 2 Pallas, has a somewhat irregular surface and is thought to have only a partially differentiated interior. Brown has estimated that, because rocky objects are more rigid than icy objects, rocky objects below 900 kilometres (560 mi) in diameter may not be in hydrostatic equilibrium and thus not dwarf planets.[1]
In 2010, Gonzalo Tancredi presented a report to the IAU evaluating a list of 46 candidates for dwarf-planet status based on light-curve-amplitude analysis and the assumption that the object was more than 450 kilometres (280 mi) in diameter. Some diameters are measured, some are best-fit estimates, and others use an assumed albedo of 0.10. Of these, he identified 15 as dwarf planets by his criteria, with another nine being considered possible. To be cautious, he advised the IAU to "officially" accept as dwarf planets the top three: Sedna, Orcus, and Quaoar.[10] Although the IAU had anticipated Tancredi''s recommendations, as of 2013, they had not responded.
Mike Brown considers a large number of trans-Neptunian bodies, ranked by estimated size, to be "probably" dwarf planets.[11] He did not consider asteroids, stating "In the asteroid belt Ceres, with a diameter of 900 km, is the only object large enough to be round".[11]
The following trans-Neptunian objects have estimated diameters at least 300 kilometres (190 mi) and so may be dwarf planets. Not all bodies estimated to be this size are included. The list is complicated by bodies such as (47171) 1999 TC36 that were at first assumed to be large single objects but later discovered to be binary or triple systems of smaller bodies.[12] The asteroid Ceres is added for comparison.
The default sort is per Brown''s size estimate. The IAU-recognised dwarf planets have bold names. Brown''s diameter estimates are in red when they are based upon an assumed albedo. Explanations and sources for the measured masses and diameters can be found in the corresponding articles linked in column "Body" of the table.
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