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Honduras is one of the many countries in Central and South America that has begun using a variety of different forms of renewable energy. In 2012, the government passed reforms to help the country adopt renewable energy at a faster rate. Before the reformations, 70% of the energy produced in Honduras was from fossil fuels while only 30% came from renewable energy. Now, Honduras believes that by the end of the decade it will be able to use renewable resources for 95% of its energy needs.
The two particular renewable energy resources that Honduras will be able to use is its hydropower and solar power. As of 2018, most of the renewable energy being produced in Honduras has been from hydropower—it makes up 34% of country’s renewable energy. The country is estimated to be able to produce 5,000 MW with its hydropower alone.
Solar power is also another dominant form of renewable energy which makes up 10% of energy consumption. Honduras'' solar market is now the second largest in all of Latin America, with Chile being the first. Honduras is also one of the first non-island countries that has been able to use 10% of its solar energy for electric generation.
Honduras has switched to renewable energy as a means of being self-sufficient. This is especially important considering that it was the second poorest country in Central America as of 2017. Thankfully, the country can reach the energy self-sufficiency it desires with its abundant renewable energy sources.
One way renewable energy has helped Honduras has been by allowing private companies to be more efficient with their energy usage. One such company is the Invema Plant. The Invema Plant is the primary plastic recycler in Honduras. The company installed solar panels on its buildings and reduced their electricity usage by 30%. As a result, the company reinvests the monetary electricity savings to further recycle plastic.
The transition to renewable energy has also been beneficial to impoverished rural communities. These communities are receiving electricity that they previously had no access to. Under the Honduran Renewable Energy Project for Rural Development, solar energy projects have been implemented in rural communities where there is limited access to electricity. The project has already benefited 1,075 communities spreading across Ocotepeque, Lempira, Copan, Intibuca, Santa Barbara and La Paz. This type of improvement in rural communities is especially helpful considering many impoverished Hondurans live in rural communities.
While it is impressive that renewable energy efforts have been made in Honduras to improve people’s quality of life and stimulate the economy, much work remains to be completed. Hondurans still do not have universal access to electricity. Only 87% of the population had access to electricity in 2016, which largely compromised of Hondurans living in urban cities. For citizens to feel the full benefits of renewable energy in Honduras, everyone must have access to electricity.
Regardless of the challenges that still face Honduras, that country has been able to make a good deal of progress in building energy self-sufficiency since the reform implementations.
—Jacob Lee Photo: Flickr
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Roughly half of Honduras''s total energy supply comes from imported oil, with the remainder provided by biofuels and other renewables including solar, wind, and hydro.[1]
As recently as 2012, 70% of electricity was sourced from fossil fuels, but renewables'' share of the electricity mix has grown, accounting for more than half of total electrical generation in 2020.[2][3]
As of 2021, Honduras continued to work on its 2050 National Energy Plan.[4]
Honduras''s initial Nationally Determined Contribution called for a 15% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to business as usual between 2015 and 2030.[5][6] Its first NDC update, released in May 2021, raised this target to 16%, with 9% to be supplied by the energy sector.[7]
MIAMBIENTE (Secretaría de Energía, Recursos Naturales, Ambiente y Minas) is responsible for the formulation, coordination, and evaluation of hydrological resources, new energy resources, renewable energy, and energy exploitation & exploration.
DGE (Dirección General de Energía Renovable y Eficiencia Energetica) is responsible for the development and efficient use of renewable energy while operating in harmony with the environment.
SINAPH (Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas de Honduras) authorizes permits following environmental impact assessments.[8]
The mining sector of Honduras is regulated by INHGEOMIN (Instituto Hondureño de Geología y Minas), which also grants mining licenses.[9]
ENEE (Empresa Nacional de Energia Electrica) is responsible for electricity production, distribution, and operation of the national electrical grid.[10]
OES (Oficina de Electrificación Social) oversees electrification plans for rural Honduras.[11]
Honduras does not have a national oil company.
Extractive industries in Honduras employed 4,090 persons as of 2018.[12]
In 2020, Honduras''s installed generating capacity was 2938 MW. Fossil fuels accounted for 35.8% of capacity, followed by hydro (28.6%), solar (17.4%), biomass (8.9%), wind (8.0%) and geothermal energy (1.3%).[3]
In 2020, Honduras produced 10,038 GWh of electricity, sourced from a combination of fossil fuels (44.7%), hydro power (26.9%), solar (10.4%), biomass (7.9%), wind (7.0%) and geothermal energy (3.1%).[3]
In 2017, electricity demand was 1560 MW.[13]
Honduras consumed 7.22 billion kWh in 2016.[14]
Honduras does not produce coal and must rely on imports.[15] Hondurans consumed 180,779 tons of coal in 2016, approximately 19,500 cubic feet of coal per capita annually.[16]
Honduras does not produce oil or gas.[15] The country primarily imports fuel oils, lubricants, gasoline, and other petroleum products from the United States and Mexico.[17] As of 2016, Honduras was consuming 58,000 barrels of oil daily, approximately 0.26 gallons per capita.[18]
Offshore oil projects in Honduras have been explored within the past decade.[19] Gas pipeline projects to move oil and gas from the United States and Mexico into Central America are also under consideration which could include an LNG terminal in Honduras.[20]
Honduras is a regional leader in solar energy, with roughly 11% of electricity provided by photovoltaics in 2018 and 2019.[2][21] As of 2016, the country ranked first in Central America for installed solar capacity and third in Latin America behind Chile and Mexico.[2] Honduras aims for 80% of its energy matrix to be from renewables by 2038.[13]
Honduras is very vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, including droughts, flooding, storm surges, sea level rise, stronger hurricanes, and crop failure.[28]
At risk territories in Honduras being impacted by extractive industries are continuously monitored by this Geoportal.
Honduras is on a mission to transform its energy landscape with a strong focus on renewables. In a bid to achieve an impressive 80% share of renewables in its power generation by 2038, the nation is taking bold steps towards reducing its reliance on fossil fuels. But how can Honduras turn its ambitious goals into reality? Let’s break it down.
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