Founder | BPI® Energy Auditor Certified Professional
With gas prices rising, renewable energy is becoming increasingly important. Wind power is one of the most cost-effective options for renewable energy sources.
However, before you go out and buy a wind turbine, you need to know if the wind is strong enough where you live for wind energy to be helpful or a hindrance. Most of these turbines are efficient in wind farms.
The wind must blow at a minimum of 9 mph (4 m/s) for a small wind turbine to function. Generally, the minimum wind speed required for a wind turbine to produce electricity is between 5.6 and 10 mph (2.5 and 4.5 m/s).
Continue reading for an overview of small wind turbines, a more in-depth examination of average wind speed requirements, and what to do if you want a small wind turbine and live in an area typically with less than nine mph winds (4 m/s).
Knowing your area’s wind speed is essential before buying a small wind turbine.
According to the US Energy Information Administration, small wind turbines require at least nine mph (4 m/s) wind speeds.
The cut-in wind speed, or the speed at which a wind turbine begins to generate electricity, is between 5.6 and 10 mph (2.5-4.5 m/s).
Other rates you might need to consider are the cut-off wind conditions and speed, the speed at which the wind turbine stops generating electricity, and the survival wind speed, which is the absolute fastest the wind can blow without damaging the turbine.
You can also consider a small wind turbine’s rated wind speed, which is the wind speed at which the turbine can generate the maximum energy output.
Now that you know how fast the wind needs to blow for the best results with your turbine, how fast does it spin to generate electricity?
The rotational speed of a wind turbine is measured in revolutions per minute (RPM) and absolute velocity.
Wind turbines can spin between 10 and 20 rotations per minute, translating to between 75 and 150 mph (120.70 and 241.40 km/h), depending on wind speed and blade size.
If you''ve observed a wind turbine closely, you may have realized that it rotates slowly. However, I just mentioned that these turbines can have absolute velocities of up to 150 mph (241.40 km/h). How is that possible?
You can understand how fast wind turbines spin by paying attention to various points on the blades.
For instance, imagine yourself at the tip of a wind turbine''s blade while your friend is closer to the blade''s root. Two facts emerge in this arrangement:
To meet the above conditions, the one at the tip of the wind turbine''s blade must rotate faster than the one closer to the root.
Think of the above situation as being on a carousel. Being at the center of a carousel feels as if you''re moving slower.
However, as you move towards the edge, you feel as if the speed is increasing gradually. You eventually attain the highest speed at the edge, which translates to the tip of a wind turbine''s blade.
The above discussion brings in the concept of orbital velocity. This refers to the velocity at which a point on a rotating body orbits around the center.
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