Planté was born on 22 April 1834 in Orthez, France. In 1854 he began work as an assistant lecturer in physics at the Conservatory of Arts and Crafts in Paris. In 1860 he was promoted to the post of Professor of Physics at the Polytechnic Association for the Development of Popular Instruction. An am Contact online >>
Planté was born on 22 April 1834 in Orthez, France. In 1854 he began work as an assistant lecturer in physics at the Conservatory of Arts and Crafts in Paris. In 1860 he was promoted to the post of Professor of Physics at the Polytechnic Association for the Development of Popular Instruction. An amphitheatre at that institute is named after him.
In 1855, Planté discovered the first fossils of the prehistoric flightless bird Gastornis parisiensis (named after him) near Paris. This gigantic animal was a very close relative of the famous diatrymas of North America. At that time, Planté was at the start of his academic career, serving as a teaching assistant to A. E. Becquerel (father of Nobel laureate Henri Becquerel).[1] This early discovery—although it created considerable excitement in 1855—was soon to be overshadowed by Planté''s subsequent discoveries.
He was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1882.[2]
In 1859, Planté invented the lead-acid cell, the first rechargeable battery.[3] His early model consisted of a spiral roll of two sheets of pure lead, separated by a linen cloth and immersed in a glass jar of sulfuric acid solution.[4] The following year, he presented a nine-cell lead-acid battery to the Academy of Sciences. In 1881, Camille Alphonse Faure would develop a more efficient and reliable model that saw great success in early electric cars.
He died on 21 May 1889 in the Bellevue part of Meudon, near Paris. In 1989 the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences established the Gaston Planté Medal, which is awarded every few years to scientists who have made significant contributions to the development of lead-acid battery technology.
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French physicist Gaston Planté invented the first rechargeable battery, leaving an enduring legacy in battery history. To see it, just pop the hood of your car.
In 1800, Alessandro Volta invented the world''s first battery. The following year, after observing his voltaic pile, Napoleon made Volta a count. Six decades later, French physicist Gaston Planté invented the first rechargeable battery. He wasn''t named a count for the feat, but he did leave an enduring legacy in battery history: Just pop the hood of your car.
Working in Paris as a lecture assistant in physics, Planté began designing a battery that could store a useful amount of electrical energy. The Daniell Cell, the best battery available at that time, was longer-lasting than the voltaic pile, but produced a relatively small voltage (about 1.1V) and was limited by an irreversible chemical reaction. Then, in 1859, Planté succeeded in inventing the first secondary, or rechargeable, battery, named for him.
Though the Planté battery was capable of delivering large, rechargeable currents, it couldn''t do so for very long. The lead dioxide cathode limited the life of the battery because it had little active material available for the chemical reaction. However, the battery functioned well in applications that required short, powerful bursts of electricity, as in powering the lights of train cars while they were stopped. Electric companies, plagued by mechanical failure caused by fluctuations in the demand for electricity supplied by a generator, used lead-acid batteries as a stand-by source of power. Utilities still use these batteries to deliver temporary high-voltage electricity, minimizing power outages during times of intense demand.
Lead-acid batteries also have a high (as much as 98 percent) rate of recycling, which helps offset concerns about the toxicity of their materials. Once the battery can no longer be recharged, the lead from the electrodes and the plastic from the battery housing are recycled, and the sulfuric acid electrolyte is neutralized. Car batteries contain from 60 to 80 percent recycled materials.
Hydroelectric Power Station – 1882
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