The Vorotan Cascade, or the ContourGlobal Hydro Cascade,[5] is a cascade on the Vorotan River in Syunik Province, Armenia. It was built to produce hydroelectric power and provide irrigation water. The Vorotan Cascade consists of three hydroelectric power plants and five reservoirs with a combined installed capacity of 404.2 MW. It is one of the main power generation complexes in Armenia.[6][7]
After Armenia gained independence, the Voratan Cascade belonged to the state-owned energy company Armenergo. In 1997, the Vorotan cascade was separated from Armenergo into a separate state owned company.[9]
In 2015, ContourGlobal purchased the Vorotan Cascade operating company for US$180 million.[14] ContourGlobal has started a six-year refurbishment program to modernize the plants and improve their operational performance, as well as safety, reliability, and efficiency, with the total investment of $70 million.[12][15] This is the biggest investment US investment in Armenia. The International Finance Corporation, a member of the World Bank Group, did 20% of the total investment.[14]
The Vorotan River has length of 178 kilometres (111 mi), the fall of 1,223 metres (4,012 ft), and the natural annual flow of 18.6 cubic metres per second (660 cu ft/s) for the link of Tatev. The source of the river is on 3,045 metres (9,990 ft) of the height and starts like a stream, accepting numerous ponds and streams.
The Vorotan Cascade is one of the main power generation complexes in Armenia. It provides both peak and base load power. It is used also for the grid stabilization.[7] The Tatev HPP has installed capacity of 157.2 MW, the Shamb HPP has installed capacity of 171 MW, and the Spandaryan HPP has installed capacity of 76 MW. Total installed capacity of Vorotan Cascade is 404.2 MW and it generates 1.16 GWh of electricity annually.[8]
The water stores of the Vorotan Complex are also used for irrigation in nearby village and town areas.[6]
The Tatev HPP is located near the Vorotan village on the left bank of the Vorotan River at the altitude of 730 metres (2,400 ft).[10] It is one of Armenia''s largest hydroelectric power plants, with installed capacity of 157.2 megawatts (210,800 hp) and annual generation of 670 GWh.[8] Power is generated by three Pelton turbines of 52.4 megawatts (70,300 hp) each.[11] The plant is unique has it is the highest-head hydroelectric power plant in the territory of the former Soviet Union and by using Pelton turbines.[8]
The plant includes the Tatev Dam which is a 41-metre (135 ft) high and 107-metre (351 ft) embankment type dam of sandy gravel. It includes also the daily regulation reservoir.[7] The dam creates the Tatev Reservoir.[8]
The Shamb HPP is located near the village of Shamb on the right bank of the Vorotan River at the altitude of 1,328 metres (4,357 ft).[10] It is one of the largest hydroelectric power plant having an installed capacity of 171 megawatts (229,000 hp) and annual generation of 320 GWh.[8]
The Spandaryan HPP is located near Shaghat at the altitude of 1,694 metres (5,558 ft).[10] It is the upper hydroelectric power plant on the cascade commissioned in 1989. The plant has an installed capacity of 76 MW and a projected annual electricity generation of 210 GWh.[8]
The Spandaryan Dam creates the cascade''s upper reservoir, the Spandaryan Reservoir. The 83-metre (272 ft) high and 315-metre (1,033 ft) long Spandaryan dam is an embankment type, mixed rockfill and earthfill with clayey soiled bottom.[7]
Spandaryan Reservoir is located southeast of Gorayk, in Spandaryan in the Vorotan River basin. It is connected to Arpa River and Arpa River basin by a 9-mile (14 km) long tunnel.[16] It reportedly has a breeding colony of lesser kestrels, the only known in Armenia.[17]
The reservoir''s length is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi), its width varies from 2.5 to 3 kilometres (1.6 to 1.9 mi), and its depth is 73 metres (240 ft). The surface area of the reservoir is 10.8 square kilometres (4.2 sq mi).[18] It has 218,000,000 cubic metres (177,000 acre⋅ft) active and 257,000,000 cubic metres (208,000 acre⋅ft) total capacities. The normal elevation of water level is 2,060 metres (6,760 ft) while 2,030 metres (6,660 ft) is the absolute minimum.[8]
The Angeghakot Reservoir has 3,400,000 cubic metres (2,800 acre⋅ft) of total capacity. The reservoir has throughput capacity of 500,000 cubic metres per second (18,000,000 cu ft/s) and the spillway has capacity of 198 cubic metres per second (7,000 cu ft/s).[8]
The Tolors Reservoir has a total capacity of 96,000,000 cubic metres (78,000 acre⋅ft) and active capacity of 80,000,000 cubic metres (65,000 acre⋅ft). The normal elevation of water level is 1,651.1 metres (5,417 ft) while 1,625.5 metres (5,333 ft) is the minimum.[8]
The Tatev Reservoir has total capacity of 13,600,000 cubic metres (11,000 acre⋅ft) and active capacity of 1,800,000 cubic metres (1,500 acre⋅ft). The normal elevation of water level is 1,335.4 metres (4,381 ft) while 1,333.8 metres (4,376 ft) is the minimum.[8]
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YEREVAN, January 27. /ARKA/. The Armenian government has approved today a proposal to sign a grant agreement with the Eurasian Fund for Stabilization and Development of the Eurasian Development Bank for the implementation of a project designed to improve energy efficiency in public buildings.
Territorial Administration and Infrastructure Minister Gnel Sanosyan said under the agreement the Armenian government will be awarded a $1.7 million grant.
According to the minister, the grant will be used to improve energy efficiency in about 20 publicly-owned buildings by about 50%, which will annually save 3 thousand MWh of electricity and reduce the emission of carbon dioxide by 700 tons. He said a similar project had been carried out already showing quite good results.
Sanosyan added that the project will be implemented by the Armenian Renewable Resources and Energy Efficiency Fund. The project implementation period is 2 years with a possible extension.
The Eurasian Fund for Stabilization and Development is a regional financial arrangement in the amount of US$ 8.513 billion established by Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Russia, and Tajikistan to overcome negative crisis consequences, to provide long-run sustainability and to foster economic integration of member countries. -0-
Grid Dynamics Holdings announced opening a new European hub with an office in Zug, Switzerland, and a new engineering office in Yerevan, Armenia.
To meet the relentless and increasing global demand for digital engineering, Grid Dynamics is expanding to Armenia—an emerging global tech hub. The new office is in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia, and over a hundred engineers are being onboarded. Armenian delivery capacity is expected to multiply in 2022 as the company attracts top talent with high-profile, global clients and a reputation for innovative, digital engineering projects.
Career opportunities in the Grid Dynamics Yerevan office are available on this page.
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