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kWh stands for ''kilowatt-hour''. And what is a kilowatt-hour? It''s a unit of electricity. So 1 kWh = 1 unit of electricity.
Your house has an electricity meter. It records how much electricity you use. You know that number on the meter that keeps going up? That number tells you the kilowatt-hours (kWh) – or units of electricity – you have consumed.
An all-electric car has a battery which powers an electric motor (or motors) which in turn makes the wheels go round.
That car battery stores units of electricity. It stores kWh.
Let''s consider the Renault Zoe. It has a 52 kWh battery. What does that mean? When fully charged, the Zoe can store 52 units of electricity.
As you drive the car, you use up electricity from the battery. It will go down from 52 kWh to 51, 50, 49 and so on.
Imagine you leave home in the Zoe on a full battery and then return at the end of the day having consumed 15 kWh of electricity (that equates to roughly 60 miles of driving). The battery will now have 37 kWh remaining in it (52 minus 15).
You plug the car in to start charging its battery. Assuming you have had a dedicated EV charging point installed, it will take a couple of hours to charge the battery back up to 52 kWh. That''s 1 kWh of electricity into your Zoe''s battery every 8 minutes, approximately.
kW is short for kilowatt. What''s a kilowatt? It''s a measure of how much electrical power a device needs to operate.
Power, or kW, is like a flow of electricity from the socket, down the cable, into the kettle itself.
Remember that dedicated charging point we talked about above when we charged the Zoe at home? It has a power rating of 7.4 kW.
A lot more electricity can flow through the 7.4 kW charging point at any given moment than can flow into the 2 kW kettle. The charging point can handle 3.7 times more electricity (7.4 divided by 2).
It''s like having a larger diameter water hose – you can get a higher volume of water through it every second. In this case, we are talking about a ''higher volume'' of electricity flowing when you have a higher kW rating.
So the Zoe plugged into a 7.4 kW charging point has its battery charged at the same rate of 7.4 kW. The electricity flows from the charging point, down the cable, into the car, without restriction.
Note, there are some electric cars that have an on-board charging limit lower than 7.4 kW, e.g. 6.6 kW for the Nissan Leaf. Your charging speed is therefore limited to 6.6 kW for the Leaf, even if it''s plugged into a 7.4 kW charger.
The power of traditional petrol and diesel car engines is measured in ''BHP'' or ''Brake Horse Power''.
The metric equivalent of BHP is – you guessed it – kW. So you will see either BHP or kW, or both, when you read about how powerful a car''s international combustion engine or electric motor(s) are.
For example, the all-wheel-drive version of the Hyundai Ioniq 5 has a combined electric motor power rating of 325 BHP or 239 kW.
Ready for the final reveal? Here''s your question:
"How many units of electricity, or kWh, can you get into the Zoe''s battery after 1 hour of charging on a 7.4 kW charging point?"
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