As of Feb. 27, 2024, there are more than 61,000 publicly accessible electric vehicle charging stations with Level 2 or DC Fast chargers in the U.S. 1 That is a more than twofold increase from roughly 29,000 stations in 2020. For reference, there are an estimated 145,000 gasoline fueling stations in the country.
This chart shows the growth of U.S. public and private electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure since 2011. The number of electric vehicle (EV) charging ports has grown consistently, and the number of EV charging station locations has also increased steadily.
There are 64,187 EV charging stations across the U.S. in 2023, an increase of 20% over 2022 when there were 53,492 stations. Correspondingly, there were 175,575 charging outlets in 2023, an...
S&P Global Mobility estimates that there are presently around 16,822 Tesla Superchargers and Tesla destination chargers in the United States, along with 126,500 Level 2 and 20,431 Level 3 charging ports.
S&P Global Mobility says registration data shows that there are 1.9 million EVs on US roads – 0.7% of the 281 million vehicles in operation – as of October 31, 2022.
New light-vehicle registration share for EVs reached 5.2% over the first 10 months of 2022, and rapid growth is going to happen, thanks to consumer demand, US government policy that incentivizes EV purchases like the Inflation Reduction Act, and increasing interest and investment from the financial sector.
EV market share for new vehicles is likely to reach 40% by 2030, at which point the total number of EVs in operation could reach 28.3 million, according to S&P Global Mobility forecasts.
The group expects that there will need to be about 700,000 Level 2 and 70,000 Level 3 chargers deployed, including both public and restricted-use facilities.
So, in order to match the charging needs of all those EVs, the United States will need to quadruple the number of EV chargers between 2022 and 2025 and grow more than eight-fold by 2030, even taking home charging into account, according to the analysts.
By 2027, the analysts expect that there will be a need for about 1.2 million Level 2 chargers and 109,000 Level 3 chargers deployed nationally.
And looking to 2030, with the assumption that there will be 28.3 million EVs on US roads, a total of around 2.13 million Level 2 and 172,000 Level 3 public chargers will be required, in addition to home EV chargers.
As of September 27, 2022, all 50 states plus Washington, DC, and Puerto Rico have approved state plans under the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure formula program [Updated January 18, 2023]. The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law has made available $5 billion over five years to be spent on EV charging infrastructure across the US. President Joe Biden has pledged that the federal government will pay for the installation of 500,000 chargers.
The four states with the highest number of EVs in operation and highest new-vehicle registrations traditionally are California, Florida, Texas, and New York.
Because these states all take a different approach to emissions reduction – that is, California and New York prioritize it and Florida and Texas don''t – S&P Global Mobility attributes this growth to the size of their markets.
California is in the lead by far, with nearly 37% of total EVs in operation and nearly 36% of total US light-vehicle EV registrations from Jan-Sept 2022.
Florida sits in a distant second with 7.4% of light-vehicle EV registrations and 6.9% of EVs in operation. Texas comes in at 5.8% of EVs in operation and 6.4% of EV light-vehicle registrations.
Eighty-five percent of Level 3 chargers and 89% of Level 2 chargers are currently located in the 384 US Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) as defined by the US Census Bureau. For Tesla owners, 82% of Tesla Superchargers and 83% of its destination chargers are in MSAs.
S&P Global Mobility analyst Ian McIlravey said:
The focus on urban areas follows where EVs are today, but distribution will need to be much wider as vehicles in operation grow, and consumers need to charge along their routes.
And Graham Evans, S&P Global Mobility research and analysis director, said:
For mass-market acceptance of BEVs to take hold, the recharging infrastructure must do more than keep pace with EV sales.
It must surprise and delight vehicle owners who will be new to electrification, so that the process seems seamless and perhaps even more convenient than their experience with gasoline refueling, with minimal compromise on the vehicle ownership experience.
What the US really needs is an increase in the density of DC fast chargers, and the strategic location of said DC fast chargers in convenient, well-lit places.
It''s not useful to have hundreds of Level 2 chargers along an interstate. People who are road tripping need convenient fast chargers right off the road. (Oh, and to state the obvious, they need to be in working order.)
This is why Tesla Superchargers are great. Anyone who has used them on the New Jersey Turnpike, for example, knows what I''m talking about. You pull straight off, they''re in a conspicuous, well-lit area, and there are food and restrooms right next to them. They''re safe and convenient. Within 20 minutes you''re back on the road.
I am baffled why there is so much focus on L2 charging. If you''re a homeowner, you''ll charge at home for commuting around town. For road trips, you''ll use L3 charging. And if you''re staying at a hotel, they will most likely have a L2 charger. If you are renting, hopefully, you''ll find a place that has L2 chargers available, but if not, you can always quickly charge at a local L3 station.
But L2 at grocery stores and especially along highways for long-distance travel is useless, as the article mentions. Who wants to wait 5 hours in a parking lot waiting for a charge? This is why GMs 40,000 charger plan and the 500,000 chargers promised by the government are a waste of money (at least the L2 aspect). Thankfully Tesla has figured this out and spends money on chargers where it matters.
What in the hell are you going to do with a 6.5 kW charging port at the airport? Sleep in your car after you return?
Airports really ought to provide each EV parking spot with a Level 1 outlet that you can just plug your car into while you travel. That would be a dream.
So I drove to Somerville, just a couple miles from Logan, to a set of three 150 kW Electrify America charging ports. I had to put my credit card into the kiosk to get into the parking garage where they were located. I had to search for them. They were isolated, near no bathrooms, and it was 10 p.m. It was far from an ideal experience. Rollout of new EV charging ports needs to correct this situation.
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Michelle Lewis is a writer and editor on Electrek and an editor on DroneDJ, 9to5Mac, and 9to5Google. She lives in White River Junction, Vermont. She has previously worked for Fast Company, the Guardian, News Deeply, Time, and others. Message Michelle on Twitter or at michelle@9to5mac . Check out her personal blog.
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