When it comes down to choosing a BMS for building your own LiFePO4 battery, we will have the #1 question:
We also need to take into account the surge rating of the inverter. A BMS detects current fast and will shut the whole battery down due to an overcurrent surge.
If you have a 1,000W inverter with a surge power of 2,000W, then use a BMS that can handle 2,000W.
We then need to add a safety factor of 1.25 times the calculated current. This is because we do not want the BMS to operate at it highest-rated current all the time. This will reduce the lifespan of the BMS due to heat.
Let’s explain this with a few examples:
12V system with a 1,000W inverter with 2,000W surge capacity:
Be careful; some BMS’es have a higher discharge current than charge current. For example, the 100A DALY BMS has a discharge current of 100A and a charge current of 50A.
Determine the number of cells in series (S) and parallel (P) in your battery setup. This will help you choose a BMS that can handle your battery system’s specific voltage and capacity.
Select a BMS with an appropriate balancing function, such as active or passive balancing, to ensure that the individual cells in your battery system maintain equal voltage levels, prolonging their lifespan and ensuring optimal performance.
Higher balancing current means that your cells don’t drift as much from each other. If the BMS cannot handle the balancing function, you can add an active balancer to the battery system. Most BMS’es have passive balancers, meaning the current will get wasted as heat. Active balancers redistribute the energy to the other cells without wasting it. Click here to learn more about the difference between active and passive balancing.
Choose a BMS that provides essential protection features such as overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection, and temperature protection. These features will help safeguard your LiFePO4 cells from potential damage and enhance the overall safety of your system.
Most of the BMS’es fulfill these requirements. However, if you want low-temperature protection to protect the battery from charging during freezing temperatures, you must include this in your requirements.
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