Apart from promoting the development of renewable energy (RE) by taking forward a number of large-scale Government RE facilities, the Government has also introduced the Feed-in Tariff (FiT) Scheme to help encourage the private sector to participate in small-scale distributed RE generation by install Contact online >>
Apart from promoting the development of renewable energy (RE) by taking forward a number of large-scale Government RE facilities, the Government has also introduced the Feed-in Tariff (FiT) Scheme to help encourage the private sector to participate in small-scale distributed RE generation by installing RE systems at their own premises. This article provides general information on installing solar photovoltaic (PV) system at your premises, connecting it to the grid and receiving FiT payment.
Solar PV panels and inverter are the two major components of a solar PV system. In general, the solar PV panels that are commonly available in the market contains one of the three major types of solar cells, i.e. monocrystalline cells, polycrystalline cells or thin film cells. The energy conversion efficiency and price of the three types of solar PV panels are different. You may purchase the appropriate type according to the design of your system and budget.
Inverter is another key component of a solar PV system. It converts the output direct current of solar PV panel array into alternating current. The isolation transformer installed inside or outside the inverter also helps ensure the safe operation of the system. When purchasing inverters, you should select ones that are designed and manufactured according to relevant international standards and/or specifications, and so certified by recognised organisations or relevant testing and certification authorities.
The power output of a solar PV system will be affected by a series of factors including the location, orientation, solar irradiation, solar PV panel efficiency, the design and installation method of the system. Solar PV systems should generally be installed on the roof and/or open areas which should be a structurally sound area and these areas should be unshaded from adjacent structures, buildings and trees. To obtain the optimum power output, the panels should be installed at a tilting angle facing south.
For solar PV systems installed on the roof of New Territories Exempted Houses (commonly known as village houses), the systems should be properly installed and should not adversely affect the structural safety of the building. Subject to fulfilment of specified conditions, the height of the systems may reach a maximum of 2.5m and such systems should be certified by an Authorised Person registered under the Buildings Ordinance for submission of a safety certificate to Lands Department for record.
For other private buildings, if such installation is minor works, the building owner or tenant concerned should appoint Prescribed Building Professionals / Prescribed Registered Contractors to carry out the erection of the supporting structures. If the building works involved are not exempted works or minor works items, the building owner or tenant should appoint an Authorised Person and submit building plans to the Buildings Department (BD) in accordance with the Buildings Ordinance. For these works, building works can only be carried out after obtaining prior approval for and consent to the commencement of works from the BD.
As solar PV systems consist of electrical equipment, you are also required to employ a Registered Electrical Contractor / Registered Electrical Worker to carry out the related electrical installation works.
Since the legal requirements applicable to installing solar PV systems at different types of buildings or premises would be different, approval(s) from different departments including the BD, Lands Department, Electrical and Mechanical Services Department (EMSD), Fire Services Department, etc. may be required.
Professional/ technical knowledge and experience are essential to ensuring the solar PV system would be properly installed. It is advisable to consult and appoint registered professionals and contractors to help plan and install your system.
For further information, please refer to the
If you wish to connect your solar PV system to the grid, you are required to submit your application to the power company. Generally speaking, the design, technical specifications, operation procedure, testing and cost data of the system should be submitted along with your application. You may refer to the following websites for the application arrangements:
You will also require to register your generating facilities with EMSD under the Electricity Ordinance. However, if your solar PV systemforms part of an electrical installation covered under the Periodic Test Certificate (WR2) in premises, its registration as generating facility is not required. For application details, please visit the following link for :
For more information about connecting your solar PV system to the grid and the application procedures under the FiT Scheme, please visit EMSD’s HK RE Net.
"New Energy", or sometimes "New and Renewable Energy", generally refers to energy resources and energy carriers other than the traditional fossil fuels of oil, gas, and coal, and nuclear energy. Such energy resources and carriers cover both renewable and non-renewable ones including solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy, biomass, small-scale hydro, hydrogen energy, and natural gas hydrates. The term can also be interpreted to include new energy technologies such as fuel cell technologies which utilise the chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity without combustion or mechanical movements.
EMSD has published the following information pamphlets / guidance notes aiming to provide information to the public on the applications of renewable energy technologies:
"Know More About Renewable Energy" [PDF format (3.40MB)] - explains the meaning of renewable energy and the benefits of using renewable energy.
"Know More About Solar Water Heating System" [PDF format (3.97MB)] - explains the principles of solar water heating system and provides an overview of the basic components, types of systems and issues to be considered for installation.
"Guidance Notes for Household-scale Solar Water Heating System at Village House" (2016 Edition) [PDF format (3.73MB)] - provides general guidelines for the intending purchasers, owners and installers of household-scale solar water heating system installed at village houses to understand the installation requirements and application procedures associated with the installation, operation and maintenance of such solar water heating system.
"Solar Thermal Collectors for Water Heating" [PDF format (4.74MB)] –provides a brief introduction on solar thermal collectors which capture solar heat for water heating purpose.
"Know More About Photovoltaic System" [PDF format (3.68MB)] - provides information on the working principles and application considerations etc.
The HK RE Net is a thematic website aiming to provide information on various renewable energy technologies to the public, so as to facilitate the wider adoption of such technologies in Hong Kong. Click here to visit the site.
To prompt more building owners to install solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, the Electrical and Mechanical Services Department (EMSD) launched the Hong Kong Solar Irradiation Map (the Map) in 2021. By showing the solar irradiation of the building rooftops, the Map enables users to perform a preliminary assessment of the solar energy potential for their building rooftops. Users can also choose the solar PV system settings and select an installation area on their building rooftops as shown on the Map to estimate the corresponding installation capacity, the annual electricity generation, and the FiT income.
This is the first-ever detailed annual solar irradiation map of the entire Hong Kong territory for most of the buildings with the consideration of topographic and shading effects of surrounding environment. For more details about the Map, click here to visit the site.
Although renewable energy resources can contribute to mitigating the problems associated with the use of fossil fuels, most of them are intermittent in nature. It is therefore necessary to have a backup power supply such as the electricity grid to meet the demand when the electricity generated by the renewable energy system is unable to provide the power required.
The "Technical Guidelines on Grid Connection of Renewable Energy Power Systems (2016 Edition)" is a revised edition of the 2007 edition incorporating updates for technical requirements since 2007.
In view of the implementation of the revision of the Code of Practice for the Electricity (Wiring) Regulations in December 2020, the Technical Guidelines was revised in 2021 to incorporate the updates.
Please click here to download the "Technical Guidelines on Grid Connection of RE Power Systems" (2021 Edition) [PDF format (5.39MB)], and here to download the "Summary Table of Updates" (information updated as of 3 March 2022) [PDF format (83KB)].
In Hong Kong, the primary use of solar energy is to provide hot water for facilities with heating demand or to generate electricity directly. Some small-scale photovoltaic and wind systems have been installed in remote areas to generate nominal electrical power for lighting and on-site data recording equipment.
In 2000, a two-stage consultancy study was commissioned to investigate the viability of using renewable energy resources such as solar energy, wind energy, wave energy, landfill gas, etc. in Hong Kong. Stage 1 of the study evaluated the potentials of various forms of renewable energy for wide-scale local use, and their related legal, institutional and promotional issues. It also made recommendations for formulating an implementation strategy. Public consultation on the findings and recommendations was carried out in 2003. Relevant documents can be downloaded via the following links:
Stage 2 of the study involved the installation of different types of photovoltaic panels in Wanchai Tower so as to collect technical data to assess their performance under local weather and environmental conditions. The 12-month performance monitoring work was completed in March 2004. Click here to download the Executive Summary of Stage 2 Study [PDF format (526KB)].
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