UNECE is supporting Turkmenistan to strengthen efforts on its sustainable energy transition and to deliver methane emissions reductions from the energy sector, in alignment with global climate objectives.
This was the focus of discussions this week between Mr. Dario Liguti, Director of the Sustainable Energy Division of UNECE, and senior officials from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan.
In addition to expanding renewable energy, the meeting emphasized the importance of methane emissions management, a critical issue for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Addressing methane emissions from energy production is a priority for Turkmenistan, where UNECE can help deliver reductions. UNECE will support Turkmenistan in developing effective methane monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems, as well as strategies for reducing methane emissions from its energy sector, particularly from oil and gas operations. These efforts align with global initiatives such as the Global Methane Pledge and UNECE''s work on methane management in the energy sector.
UNECE''s technical assistance can help Turkmenistan to modernize its energy infrastructure, improve energy efficiency, and reduce its environmental impact, harnessing innovation and technology transfer in accelerating the deployment of clean energy technologies, together with capacity building support.
In 2021, the President of Turkmenistan adopted the Law of Turkmenistan "On Renewable Energy Sources", for which regulatory acts are being developed to promote the practical use of renewable energy in various sectors of the country''s economy.
Kakageldi Saryev, director of the Research and Production Center "Renewable Energy Sources" of the State Energy Institute of Turkmenistan, Candidate of Technical Sciences, speaks about the scientific and practical events being held:
Based on the methodology developed by the specialists of the Research and Production Center, pilot projects have also been implemented for a combined gas turbine and solar power station with an installed capacity of 50 MW, as well as a solar-hydrogen system to increase the energy efficiency of decentralized consumers. A technological justification has been developed for connecting power installations based on renewable energy sources to the central power grid with a voltage of 110 kV".
At the State Energy Institute of Turkmenistan (SEIT), scientific research is conducted on solar and wind energy, as well as the possibilities of solar collectors for heat supply, with the participation of students, teachers and postgraduate students with scientific degrees. The university offers a specialization in "Non-traditional and Renewable Energy Sources." The support for this process is directed by the Decree of the President of Turkmenistan adopted in 2020, which approved the "Program for the Transition of the Sphere of Science in Turkmenistan to a Digital System for 2020–2025", highlighting the tasks of ensuring the integrity of academic science, higher education and production.
Total energy supply (TES) includes all the energy produced in or imported to a country, minus that which is exported or stored. It represents all the energy required to supply end users in the country. Some of these energy sources are used directly while most are transformed into fuels or electricity for final consumption.
Energy production includes any fossil fuels drilled and mined, which can be burned to produce electricity or used as fuels, as well as energy produced by nuclear fission and renewable power sources such as hydro, wind and solar PV. Bioenergy - which here includes both modern and traditional sources, including the burning of municipal waste - is also an important domestic energy source in many countries.
Imports, particularly of fossil fuels like oil, natural gas and coal, make up an important part of the energy supply in many countries. Countries that rely heavily on imported energy may be vulnerable to supply disruption from external events such as the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. In countries that export large amounts of energy, falling energy prices can also cause major economic shocks.
Energy sources, particularly fossil fuels, are often transformed into more useful or practical forms before being used. For example, crude oil is refined into many different kinds of fuels and products, while coal, oil and natural gas can be burned to generate electricity and heat. Other forms of transformation, such as extracting gas or oil from coal, play a relatively minor role in the energy systems of most countries.
One of the most important types of transformation for the energy system is the refining of crude oil into oil products, such as the fuels that power automobiles, ships and planes.
Another important form of transformation is the generation of electricity. Thermal power plants generate electricity by harnessing the heat of burning fuels or nuclear reactions – during which up to half of their energy content is lost. Renewable power sources generate electricity directly from natural forces such as the sun, wind, or the movement of water.
Total final consumption (TFC) is the energy consumed by end users such as individuals and businesses to heat and cool buildings, to run lights, devices, and appliances, and to power vehicles, machines and factories. It also includes non-energy uses of energy products, such as fossil fuels used to make chemicals.
Some of the energy found in primary sources is lost when converting them to useable final products, especially electricity. As a result, the breakdown of final consumption can look very different from that of the primary energy supply (TES). Both are needed to fully understand the energy system.
The sectoral breakdown of a country''s energy demand, which is based on its economy, geography and history, can greatly impact its energy needs and which energy sources it relies on to meet those needs – such as fueling automobiles, heating or cooling homes or running factories.
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Many of us want an overview of how much energy our country consumes, where it comes from, and if we''re making progress on decarbonizing our energy mix. This page provides the data for your chosen country across all of the key metrics on this topic.
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In the energy domain, there are many different units thrown around – joules, exajoules, million tonnes of oil equivalents, barrel equivalents, British thermal units, terawatt-hours, to name a few. This can be confusing, and make comparisons difficult. So at Our World in Data we try to maintain consistency by converting all energy data to watt-hours. We do this to compare energy data across different metrics and sources.
How many people do not have access to electricity?
Electricity is a good that adds massive value to modern life: from having light at night; to washing clothes; cooking meals; running machinery; or connecting with people across the world. Many would argue that it is a crucial for poverty alleviation, economic growth and improved living standards.1
This interactive chart shows the percentage of people that have access to electricity.
How many people do not have access to clean fuels for cooking?
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