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Greece is an European country located in the southern part of the continent. It is made up of a mainland as well as thousands of islands. The country covers an area of 50,949 square miles and is bordered by Turkey, Albania, Macedonia, and Bulgaria. Greece is a mountainous country with about 80% of its territory being characterized as mountainous. Greece has a long coastline which stretches 8,498 miles.
Most of the country has a Mediterranean climate. However, there are also microclimates in some regions due to their respective unique geography. Regions around the Pindus Mountains experience frigid cold winters with snow due to their proximity to the towering mountains. The northern part of the country experiences a continental climate with regions near the north going through a transitional Mediterranean-continental climate. The record highest temperatures in the country were recorded in Tatoi and Elefsina while the record lowest temperatures were recorded in Ptolemaida.
The numerous islands of Greece make up for 20% of the total land area of the country. Greece is made up of thousands of islands which are estimated to number about 6,000 (however, a more conservative figure of 1,425 is frequently used). These islands are situated in the Ionian Sea, the Mediterranean Sea as well as the Aegean Sea. The islands are usually grouped into clusters, and the clusters are; the North Aegean islands (situated near the Turkish west coast), and the Cyclades (located in the central region of the Aegean Sea). Other clusters are the Dodecanese (found between Turkey and Crete), the Argo-Saronic islands (situated on the Saronic Gulf), the Ionian islands (located in the Ionian Sea) and the Sporades (located near coastal Euboea).
Greece is prone to earthquakes, wildfires, droughts, and floods. In recent years, like many other countries, Greece has been grappling with the problem of increased air pollution emanating from its industries as well as millions of vehicles, and water pollution.
The section provides all the information you need to understand the geography of Greece.
Table of contents:• General Info • Characteristics • By region
Greece is a peninsular and mountainous country located in Southern-Eastern Europe, in the Balkans peninsula, and has a land area of 128,900 km2 (49,769 sq. miles).The country has the largest coastline in Europe (13,676km) due to its numerous islands. It has a total of 2,000 islands but only 168 are inhabited.The country is washed to the east by the Aegean Sea, to the west by the Ionian and to the south by the Mediterranean Sea.
Greece''s population is estimated at 10,4 million people in 2020 terms of total world population, it represents 0.13% and it is ranked at number 87 of all countries.The density of the population is 81 per square kilometer (209 people per square mile).85% of its population resides in the cities.
Two-thirds of the territory is covered with mountains.The highest mountain is Mount Olympus, with its peak at an altitude of 2917 meters.
The country is very rich in natural resources providing petroleum, magnetite, lignite, bauxite, hydropower, and marble.
The geographical position of Greece has marked the development of many civilizations throughout the ages.The special features of the geography have formed an equally special natural environment.The country has a rich diversity of flora and fauna and many species are original in this country, which means that they only reside there.These rare species live in forests, lakes and rivers.The limestone and the volcanoes have composited the territory and allowed the formation of many caves and canyons.
Our guide features information about the natural characteristics of Greece: the geography and landscape of the country and its islands.
Information about the characteristics of the geography of Greece: Athens, the capital, the different regions in the mainland and the Greek islands.
Information about the geography of Greece by regions:
Occupying the southern most part of the Balkan Peninsula, Greece and its many islands (almost 1,500) extend southward from the European continent into the Aegean, Cretan, Ionian, Mediterranean and Thracian seas.
Crete and Evia are its two largest islands and major island groups include the Argo-Saronic, Cyclades, Dodecanese, Ionian, Northeast Aegean and Sporades.
With the vast percentage of its land comprised of hills and rugged mountains, Greece is one of the most mountainous countries in Europe. Its 13,676 km toothy-edged shoreline is deeply indented by dozens of gulfs.
The western half of the country is dominated by the steep peaks of the Pindus mountains, a range of the Dinaric Alps that stretch south from Albania and Macedonia. Typical elevations here exceed 2,500 meters, and those mountains are punctuated by numerous lakes, rivers and wetlands.
The highest Greek mountain is Mount Olympus, rising to 2,918 meters (9,570 ft). To its immediate southwest stand the massive Meteora rock formations; gigantic pillars of stones worn smooth by wind and water over thousands of years.
In the far-north along its border with Bulgaria, the heavily-forested Southern Rhodope Mountain range spreads across the land.
Greece is home to a series of ancient volcanoes, including those on the islands of Kos, Methana, Milos, Nisyros, Poros and Santorini. None are currently erupting, and the last recorded significant eruptions occurred on the island of Nisyros in 1887/1888, and on the island of Santorini in 1950.
The Peloponnese Peninsula is slightly separated from the mainland by the Corinth Canal, a 4-mile long man-made canal through the Isthmus of Corinth. This narrow canal is used primarily for shipping purposes.
Greece (officially, the Hellenic Republic) is divided into 13 administrative regions (perifereies, singular - perifereia) and 1 autonomous monastic state(aftonomi monastiki politeia). In alphabetical order, the regions are: Anatoliki Makedonia kai Thraki (East Macedonia and Thrace), Attiki (Attica), Dytiki Ellada (West Greece), Dytiki Makedonia (West Macedonia), Ionia Nisia (Ionian Islands), Ipeiros (Epirus), Kentriki Makedonia (Central Macedonia), Kriti (Crete), Notio Aigaio (South Aegean), Peloponnisos (Peloponnese), Sterea Ellada (Central Greece), Thessalia (Thessaly) and Voreio Aigaio (North Aegean). Situated in north eastern Greece, Agion Oros (Mount Athos) is a monastic community and an autonomous region under Greek sovereignty.
Located in the Attica Region, on a peninsula that extends into the Aegean Sea is, Athens – the capital and the largest city in Greece. Athens is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Athens serves as the administrative, cultural, industrial and economic centers of Greece. It is also one of the biggest economic centers in South Eastern Europe. Port Piraeus in Athens is the 2nd largest port in the world and also the largest passenger port in Europe.
Greece is located in south eastern region of the European continent, on the far southern edge of the Balkan Peninsula. Greece lies at the juncture of the continents of Europe, Asia and Africa. It is positioned both in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres of the Earth. Greece is bordered by 4 Nations: by North Macedonia and Bulgaria in the north, Albania in the northwest, and Turkey in the northeast. It is also bounded by the Aegean Sea in the east, Ionian Sea in the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea in the south.
The blank outline map above is of the European Mediterranean nation of Greece and its many offshore islands. The map may be downloaded, printed, and used for coloring or educational work like map-pointing activities.
The outline map above represents the sovereign European nation of Greece. As observed on the map above, the country has a large territory and several smaller, scattered ones. The large part is mainland Greece that is part of mainland Europe. The smaller ones are offshore islands of Greece in the Mediterranean Sea.
What is the terrain and geography like in Greece?
Overview Greece, a rugged country of mountains and islands. The land area, including the islands, is 50,270 square miles (about the size of Alabama). Only 25% of the land is arable, and much of that is dry and rocky.
Geography - note strategic location dominating the Aegean Sea and southern approach to Turkish Straits; a peninsular country, possessing an archipelago of about 2,000 islands
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