In most cases, utilities are already installed in the residences, except in the case of newly developed buildings. You may also need to set up new accounts, if you want to buy property. You will be asked for a valid Colombian ID, the ownership documentation and a bank account. Contact online >>
In most cases, utilities are already installed in the residences, except in the case of newly developed buildings. You may also need to set up new accounts, if you want to buy property. You will be asked for a valid Colombian ID, the ownership documentation and a bank account.
However, for rental agreements you will not need to set up accounts, as these will be under the name of the landlord. It is not common for tenants to have utility bills in their own name.
The utilities will usually be included in your rental agreement, either as part of the rent or as a fixed sum in addition to it. In this case, the it is the landlord''s responsibility to pay the bills within the due dates, and may not charge you any overdue amounts.
If utilities are not included, you will probably need to pay the bills yourself, even if they arrive in the name of your landlord. Make sure the rental agreement clearly outlines who has to pay the utilities.
Utilities can be paid at the provider headquarters, at designated banks or at payment spots located in supermarkets or commercial centers. Online payments are not very frequent, but most companies now offer this possibility as well.
In addition to the utilities of each household, if you live in a condominium you will also need to contribute towards the the utilities and services in the common areas. This is usually included in the rent, but if you own property it is an additional expenditure that may be even higher than the separate utility bills.
Residences in Colombia are divided into six strata (estratos), from estrato 1 (basic residences in lower class areas) to estrato 6 (luxurious properties in upper class parts of the city). The estratos correspond to the socio-economic level of the neighborhood as well as to characteristics inherent to the property.
Most people use gas for cooking, and the gas connection is included in the majority of apartments and houses. Each residence has an individual gas meter, which can be either inside the property or in the common areas if it is located in a condominium.
The gas provider in Bogota is Gas Natural Fenosa.
Gas is generally included in the rent. If it is not, gas invoices will arrive monthly and consist of a fixed sum and a variable amount corresponding to the usage. Rates vary depending on the estrato.
The voltage in Colombia is 110V, and the frequency 60Hz. Electrical sockets are type A or B, as in most country of North and Central America, China and Japan. Otherwise, if you come from a country with a different plug type, you will need an adapter.
Electricity consumption is measured with electricity meters, that are placed on the outside walls of the houses or in the common areas of condominiums. Meters are individual for each residence.
Codensa is currently the only electricity provider for households in Bogota.
The electricity bill arrives monthly, for the actual consumption of the past month, computed on the basis of data communicated by the electricity meters. Rates per unit vary according to the stratum, and are higher for usage higher than 100 KW.
The provider of water services is Aqueducto de Bogotá.
The receipt arrives every two months and consists of a fixes amount for sewage, and the water usage measured by individual meters in every household. As with the other utilities, rates vary according to the stratum.
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Illuminated buildings in the skyline of Bogota, Colombia.
Photographer: Mariana Greif/Bloomberg
The electricity sector in Colombia is dominated by large hydropower generation (65%) and thermal generation (35%). Despite the country''s large potential for new renewable energy technologies (mainly wind, solar, and biomass), this potential has been barely tapped. A 2001 law designed to promote alternative energies lacks certain key provisions to achieve this objective, such as feed-in tariffs, and has had little impact so far. Large hydropower and thermal plants dominate the current expansion plans. The construction of a transmission line with Panama, which will link Colombia with Central America, is underway.
An interesting characteristic of the Colombian electricity sector (as well as of its water sector) is a system of cross-subsidies from users living in areas considered relatively affluent and from users consuming higher amounts of electricity to those living in areas considered poor and to those who use less electricity.
The electricity sector has been unbundled into generation, transmission, distribution, and commercialization since sector reforms were carried out in 1994. About half the generation capacity is privately owned. Private participation in electricity distribution is much lower.
Electricity supply in Colombia relies on the National Interconnected System (SIN) and several isolated local systems in the Non-Interconnected Zones (ZNI). SIN encompasses one third of the territory, giving coverage to 96 percent of the population. The ZNI, which covers the remaining two thirds of the national territory, only serves 4 percent of the population.[1]
Thirty-two large hydroelectric plants and thirty thermal power stations feed electricity into the SIN.[2] On the other hand, the ZNI is mostly served by small diesel generators, many of which are not in good working condition.[1] At June 2015, installed net effective capacity was 15.5 Gigawatt (GW), with the following share by source:[3]
The share of thermal participation in generation has increased since the mid-1990s. This has happened in response to the 1992/1993 crisis caused by El Niño-Southern Oscillation associated droughts and the high reliance of power generation on hydroelectric installations that lacked multi-year storage capacity. As a result of the new policies adopted by the country, the dominance of hydropower in the generation portfolio has been reduced from 80 percent in the early 1990s to less than 65 percent today. The expansion path involved adding 1,500 MW of new capacity, equally distributed between hydro and thermal sources, by 2011. This will entail investments of US$258 million per year.[1]
Total electricity production in 2005 was 50.4 Terawatt-hour (TWh).[2] Hydroelectric plants generated 81.2 percent, thermal plants 18.6 percent and the Jepírachi wind plant 0.1 percent of the total.[4]
In 2005, total electricity consumption was 48.8 TWh, which corresponds to an average energy consumption per capita of 828 kW·h per year.[4] Consumption per sector is divided as follows:[2]
Demand is growing by approximately 4 percent annually.[4]
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